Laser crystal engraving is a precise and non-contact method for creating intricate three-dimensional images within a transparent crystal substrate, typically composed of optical-grade glass or synthetic crystals. Utilizing a tightly focused pulsed laser, the technique induces localized microfractures or structural modifications via nonlinear absorption processes, such as multiphoton ionization. These modifications form distinct points within the bulk of the material, which collectively produce a detailed volumetric image. The spatial resolution and depth control afforded by this method allow for the creation of complex internal geometries without compromising the integrity or surface of the crystal. As a result, laser crystal engraving finds application in decorative art, personalized memorabilia, and even prototype visualization in optical engineering.#science #engraving #laser #facts
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