How a Dual Clutch Transmission Works

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Here is a look at what’s inside a dual clutch automatic transmission and how it works!

A dual clutch transmission is internally very similar to a manual transmission – with the exception that the computer (mechatronic unit) is responsible for physically shifting the gears. Instead of a single dry clutch like in a manual transmission, a DCT uses two wet clutches, one larger than the other one to drive two input shafts to the transmission. The two input shafts will power either the even gears or odd gears.

Other accessories to the transmission include a transmission cooler, oil filter and oil pump that serves to cool and lubricate gears and bearings. The transmission computer is located inside the transmission mechatronic unit, which control solenoids to redirect fluid flow through a valve body. The valve body will in turn feed transmission fluid through the housing and into the pistons which will control the position of the selector forks and thus select the gear.

One advantage of a DCT is that it can shift gears much faster by preselecting the next gear that the computer thinks it will shift to. It does this by engaging the fork of the opposing gear that is currently being used. The downside is that it can often get confused if the driver has erratic inputs and therefore cause hesitation or jerky output.

Finally, while the wet clutch and gear synchronizers are often wear points on these transmissions, the mechatronic unit is often the fault for many failures.

The transmission in this video is a DSG (direct shift gearbox) D250 unit from a 2006 Volkswagen Jetta TDI.

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