
The first idea we'll be looking at is the de Broglie Wavelength. This gives us the wavelength that a particle (or any object with mass) seems to move with when it behaves like a wave. In other words, this is one half of the wave-particle duality story of quantum mechanics. The de Broglie Wavelength relates the massive object's wavelength with the Planck Constant and the momentum (mass x velocity) of the object. For more information about the de Broglie Wavelength, check out the following sources:
The second idea in this video is known as the Thermodynamic Inverse Temperature. It is an idea used in thermodynamics, primarily to make mathematics a bit more convenient. It is common to see a factor of 1 / kT in thermodynamics, where T is the temperature of the system we are studying, and k is the Boltzmann constant. Therefore, we can define a quantity (called beta) that is equal to 1 / kT. This way, we can easily write down beta over and over again, rather than the full factor. Aside from this mathematical convenience, in many ways beta is actually a more fundamental quantity than temperature. It is also sometimes called "coldness". Find out more here:
The third idea in this video is known as the Reynolds Number. It is a dimensionless (unitless) quantity that describes a fluid flow. A fluid is basically any material that can flow (usually liquids and gases), and the Reynolds number for a particular fluid flow describes the type of flow: laminar (smooth) or turbulent (chaotic).
The Reynolds number depends on properties of the fluid (density, speed, dynamic viscosity) as well as a characteristic length scale (often set by the container in which the fluid is flowing). The Reynolds number can be used to meaningfully compare different fluid flows, such as ones with different fluids or ones on very different length scales. The larger the value of Re, the more turbulent the flow, and the smaller the value of Re, the more laminar.
Timestamps:
0:00 - Introduction
0:15 - The de Broglie Wavelength (Wave-Particle Duality in Quantum Mechanics)
2:08 - Thermodynamic Inverse Temperature (Beta / Coldness)
3:35 - Reynolds Number (Measure of Fluid Flow in Fluid Dynamics)
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