
Andrew Carnegie, a Scottish-American industrialist, founded the Carnegie Steel Company in the late 19th century, revolutionizing the American steel industry. His use of innovative production processes such as the Bessemer process significantly lowered steel production costs, enabling the widespread construction of railways, bridges, and skyscrapers. Carnegie's business strategies emphasized efficiency and undercutting competition, allowing him to amass a vast fortune. Despite harsh labor conditions leading to infamous incidents like the Homestead Strike, Carnegie later devoted his wealth to philanthropy, funding libraries, education, and peace initiatives. His role in building the American steel empire left a lasting impact on industrial capitalism.
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