**Kinetic and Potential Energy** are two fundamental forms of mechanical energy in physics.- **Kinetic Energy** is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It is given by the formula \( \text{KE} = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \), where \( m \) is the mass of the object and \( v \) is its velocity. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.
- **Potential Energy** is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration. The most common type is gravitational potential energy, which is given by \( \text{PE} = mgh \), where \( m \) is the mass, \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity, and \( h \) is the height above a reference point. Potential energy depends on the object's position relative to a reference point.
In a closed system, the total mechanical energy (sum of kinetic and potential energy) is conserved, meaning it remains constant if only conservative forces are acting.
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