Diabetes Complications ! How Diabetes Can Damage Your Body

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The body takes in glucose from food, uses it to produce energy, and stores any surplus in the liver and muscles. If too little insulin is produced, or cells do not take in enough glucose, blood sugar levels become too high, which leads to diabetes mellitus.

There are three main types of diabetes: type 1; type 2; and gestational diabetes. Without insulin, cells cannot absorb glucose. Instead, glucose builds up in the blood, and blood sugar levels gradually increase, causing symptoms such as increased thirst, urinating more than normal, nausea,
fatigue, weight loss, blurring of vision, and recurrent infections.

Diabetes is diagnosed by testing the urine for sugar and ketones (an acidic by-product of fat breakdown) and blood tests, which show high sugar levels as well as a variety of other chemical changes that occur as the body tries to cope with the metabolic disturbance.

Type 1 diabetes cannot be cured, but it can be managed by lifelong treatment with insulin to regulate blood sugar levels. The person will be counseled on healthy diet, exercise, and possible complications. He or she will be advised to minimize factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (a major risk with diabetes), such as high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and unhealthy lifestyle habits including overeating, smoking, and alcohol use.

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