What is a Zener Diode? Zener Diode Circuit

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What is a Zener Diode - Zener diode is special type of diode that allows the current to flow also in reverse direction only if enough high reverse voltage is applied.

Zener Diode Circuit
Zener Diode is nothing but a single diode connected in a reverse bias, we have already stated that. A diode connected in reverse bias positive in a circuit
The circuit symbol of Zener diode is also shown in video.

Zener diode working - Working principles of zener diode is shown through V-I characteristic of diode (shown in video).
V - I Characteristic of a diode represent Relationship between current through a diode and voltage applied on diode.
It is represented as a graph. This characteristic has every diode.
X axis represents voltage applied on a diode and Y axis represents current through a diode.
Depending on voltage applied, diode can work in three regions:
- Forward bias region
- Reverse bias region
- Breakdown region
Normal diode works in forward bias and reverse bias regions.
If reverse voltage reaches VBR ( Voltage breakdown region) diode will be damaged.
Zener diodes are special designed, they are highly dopped P-N junctions, to operate in breakdown region.
When we talk about Zener diode breakdown voltage is called
Zener voltage VZ.
Many diodes described as "Zener" diodes rely instead on avalanche breakdown. Both breakdown types are used in Zener diodes with the Zener effect predominating under 5.6 V and avalanche breakdown above.

Zener diode applications - Zener diode as voltage regulator in DC circuit, Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator or to provide voltage reference. The main use of zener diode lies in the fact that the voltage across a Zener diode remains constant for a larger change in current. This makes it possible to use a Zener diode as a constant voltage device or a voltage regulator.

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Create: Sasho Bozhinoski
Hrvoje Čočić
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