How a Turbocharger Works: Toyota's First Modern Turbo

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Here's a look inside a turbocharger and how it works!

An engine is like an air pump, blowing air in and pushing it out. A turbo charger sits in the exhaust air stream and spins a turbine wheel, which is connected to a compressor wheel in the air stream of the intake side. By harnessing the flow of the exhaust, the intake air is compressed going into the engine. Adding more fuel and air will result in more power without upsizing the engine.

The turbo charger consists of oil and coolant pipes which circulate the turbine shaft. The turbine wheel gets its airflow from the volute, which acts as an exhaust manifold that bolts up to the head. There is a vacuum controlled bypass valve that controls the exhaust flow around the turbine, and a blow off valve that controls the pressure on the intake side.

In this video, the turbocharger from a 2015 Lexus NX200T with the 8AR-FTS 2.0L engine is torn down. More details on the engine's failure can be found in this video:


Here's a video on how a Volkswagen diesel Turbocharger works:


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