See how a Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) works in 3D

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Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat various spinal conditions, such as degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, and spinal deformities like scoliosis. The goal of LLIF is to stabilize the spine, relieve nerve compression, and restore proper alignment by fusing two or more vertebrae.

The procedure is performed through a lateral (side) approach, allowing the surgeon to access the spine through a small incision in the flank, avoiding major disruption to the back muscles and structures. During the surgery:
1. The patient is positioned on their side, and imaging guidance (X-ray or fluoroscopy) is used to pinpoint the affected spinal segment.
2. A small incision is made in the side, and a pathway to the spine is created using tubular retractors to minimize damage to surrounding tissues.
3. The damaged disc is removed, and an implant (such as a spacer or cage) filled with bone graft material is inserted into the disc space to restore height and promote bone fusion.
4. The implant may be secured with additional hardware like screws or plates, depending on the patient’s condition.

LLIF offers several advantages over traditional open spinal fusion, including smaller incisions, reduced blood loss, less post-operative pain, and faster recovery times. Additionally, the lateral approach avoids the large back muscles, leading to lower risks of muscle damage and scarring.

While LLIF is a versatile and effective technique, it may not be suitable for all patients, particularly those with specific anatomical constraints or certain medical conditions. A thorough evaluation by a spine specialist is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment.