The Complete History of The Netherlands 🇳🇱

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The history of the Netherlands is a history of seafaring people thriving in the lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe. Records begin with the four centuries during which the region formed a militarized border zone of the Roman Empire. This came under increasing pressure from Germanic peoples moving westwards. As Roman power collapsed and the Middle Ages began, three dominant Germanic peoples coalesced in the area, Frisians in the north and coastal areas, Low Saxons in the northeast, and the Franks in the south. During the Middle Ages, the descendants of the Carolingian dynasty came to dominate the area and then extended their rule to a large part of Western Europe.

0:00:00 - intro
0:00:13 - Summary
0:00:40 - Earliest groups of hunter-gatherers (before 5000 BC)
0:00:54 - The arrival of farming (around 5000–4000 BC)
0:01:07 - Funnelbeaker and other cultures (around 4000–3000 BC)
0:01:19 - Corded Ware and Bell Beaker cultures (around 3000–2000 BC)
0:01:39 - Bronze Age (around 2000–800 BC)
0:02:02 - Iron Age
0:02:09 - Arrival of Germanic groups
0:02:27 - Celts in the south
0:02:53 - The Nordwestblock theory
0:03:08 - Native tribes
0:04:04 - Roman settlements in the Netherlands
0:04:57 - Batavian revolt
0:05:28 - Emergence of the Franks
0:06:03 - Disappearance of the Frisii?
0:06:24 - Frisians
0:06:42 - Franks
0:07:07 - Modern doubts about the traditional Frisian, Frank and Saxon distinction
0:07:21 - The emergence of the Dutch language
0:07:36 - Christianization
0:07:49 - Frankish dominance and incorporation into the Holy Roman Empire
0:08:21 - Viking raids
0:09:03 - Part of the Holy Roman Empire
0:09:15 - Political disunity
0:09:42 - The Frisians
0:09:49 - The rise of Holland
0:09:56 - Expansion and growth
0:10:10 - Hook and Cod Wars
0:10:21 - Burgundian period
0:10:30 - Habsburg rule from Spain
0:10:40 - The Reformation
0:10:50 - Prelude to war
0:10:59 - The Eighty Years' War (1568–1648)
0:11:28 - Golden Age
0:12:22 - The Dutch in the Americas
0:13:00 - Slave trade
0:13:08 - The Dutch in Asia: The Dutch East India Company
0:13:46 - The Dutch in Africa
0:13:54 - Dutch Republic: Regents and Stadholders (1649–1784)
0:14:07 - Refugees
0:14:23 - Economic growth
0:14:37 - Amsterdam
0:15:04 - First Stadtholderless Period and the Anglo-Dutch Wars (1650–1674)
0:15:27 - Anglo-Dutch wars
0:15:33 - Franco-Dutch War and Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1702)
0:15:55 - Second Stadtholderless Period (1702–1747)
0:16:22 - Economic decline after 1730
0:16:34 - Culture and society
0:16:56 - The Orangist revolution (1747–1751)
0:17:55 - Regency and indolent rule (1752–1779)
0:18:09 - Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780–1784)
0:18:22 - The French-Batavian period (1785–1815)
0:18:35 - Patriot rebellion and its suppression (1785–1795)
0:19:03 - Batavian Republic (1795–1806)
0:19:25 - Kingdom of Holland to William I (1806–1815)
0:19:44 - United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1839)
0:20:15 - Constitutional monarchy
0:20:53 - Belgium breaks away
0:21:03 - Democratic and Industrial Development (1840–1900)
0:21:15 - 1848 Constitutional reform and liberalism
0:21:48 - Religion and pillarisation
0:22:51 - Flourishing of art, culture and science
0:23:17 - 1900 to 1940
0:23:30 - Colonial focus
0:23:39 - Neutrality during the First World War
0:23:51 - Interwar period
0:24:32 - Nazi invasion and occupation
0:24:41 - Holocaust in the Netherlands
0:25:07 - The war in the Dutch East Indies
0:25:16 - False hopes, the Hunger Winter and Liberation
0:25:30 - Post-war events
0:25:36 - Prosperity and European Unity (1945–present)
0:26:06 - Baby boom and economic reconstruction
0:26:34 - Flood control
0:26:45 - Europeanisation, Americanisation and internationalisation
0:27:05 - Decolonisation and multiculturalism
0:27:56 - Liberalisation
0:28:26 - Recent politics
0:28:38 - The Netherlands today
0:29:11 - outro

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