Periodontal disease begins with plaque buildup, causing gingivitis—reversible with good hygiene. Without treatment, it progresses to periodontitis, where gum pockets form, trapping bacteria and causing bone loss. As it advances, tissue and bone destruction worsen, loosening teeth. In advanced stages, severe damage leads to tooth loss, often needing prosthetic restoration. However, early stages can be treated with meticulous removal of plaque calculus from both above and below the gumline. Specialized hand instruments and ultrasonic devices that vibrate at a high frequency are used to break up and remove these deposits. The ultrasonic scaler also creates tiny air bubbles that help destroy bacteria, especially those that cannot survive in oxygen. During scaling, antimicrobial agents may be used to further reduce bacterial load.
Root planing follows scaling and focuses on smoothing the root surfaces of the teeth. The goal is to remove any remaining toxins, bacteria, and rough spots on the roots that make it easier for bacteria to reattach and harder for gums to heal. By smoothing these surfaces, root planing encourages the gum tissue to reattach to the tooth, reduces pocket depth, and promotes healing. #dental #health #periodontitis #periodontaldisease #implant #treatment
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