How an Automatic Transmission Works (RWD)

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Here's how the automatic transmission works in your rear wheel drive car to send power from the engine to the wheels.

The purpose of an automatic transmission is send power from the engine to the drive wheels of a vehicle. It automatically decides and selects the gear ratio which will provide the appropriate torque or power to the wheels according to the driver's input and engine's power output.

To skip the disassembly, jump to 5:10.

The transmission's bell housing mounts to the engine's output at its flywheel, and drives the transmission oil pump and torque converter at its input shaft. Fluid pressure then activates a series of clutches that compress and hold one of three components of the planetary gear-set stationary (sun gear, ring gear or planet carrier), with the other two being inputs and outputs. In this transmission there are three planetary gear-sets nestled within each other along a single axis, since the transmission is mounted longitudinally underneath the middle of the vehicle for RWD.

Controlling all of this is a transmission computer inside the valve body, which is a network of hydraulic passages that direct the fluid based on the activation of solenoids. The transmission computer must select the appropriate gear, and slowly engage the clutches as to allow some slip for a smooth gear change by monitoring fluid pressure.

At the output shaft, the parking pawl locks the driveshaft stationary and a hall effect sensor reads the final output speed. Other notable components include thrust bearings, one way clutches, the transmission pump, numerous snap rings and pistons, temperature and pressure sensors, filter, the brake drum and band clutch and the transmission pan.

Please see this video to learn how a front wheel drive (FWD) transmission works:


The transmission in this video was a 5 speed automatic from a 2004 Infiniti G35 sedan with a VQ35DE engine.

Get transmission fluid here:
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Transmission filters:
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Transmission code reader:
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Metric socket set:
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This is the Camera I use:
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