GCSE Biology - Structure of a Leaf | Plant Cell Organisation

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*** WHAT'S COVERED ***
1. Levels of organisation in plants.
* Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
* Example: Leaves, stem, and roots forming a transport system.
2. Structure of a plant leaf (cross-section).
* Function as the site of photosynthesis.
* Key tissues: Epidermis (upper and lower), mesophyll (palisade and spongy), xylem, and phloem.
3. Adaptations of the leaf for photosynthesis and gas exchange.
* Role of palisade mesophyll and chloroplasts.
* Importance of spongy mesophyll air gaps.
* Function of transparent upper epidermis.
4. Gas exchange and water loss control.
* Role of stomata and guard cells in CO2 uptake and water vapour loss.
* Waxy cuticle function in preventing water loss.
* How guard cells open and close stomata (turgid vs flaccid).
* Adaptations like stomata location and light sensitivity.
5. Meristem tissue.
* Role as plant stem cells for growth.
* Location at root and shoot tips.

*** CHAPTERS ***
0:00 Plant Organisation Levels
0:38 Leaf Cross Section & Photosynthesis
1:09 Stomata, Lower Epidermis & CO2 Diffusion
1:29 Spongy Mesophyll & Gas Diffusion
1:38 Palisade Mesophyll & Photosynthesis
1:49 Upper Epidermis & Sunlight
2:02 Phloem & Sugar Transport
2:12 Water Loss Problem & Xylem
2:38 Stomata & Water Loss Control
3:02 Guard Cells: Turgid vs Flaccid
3:44 Adaptations of Stomata (Light & Location)
4:07 Meristem Tissue (Plant Stem Cells)

*** PLAYLISTS ***










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