Hypertension Effects on Human Heart

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Hypertension, or high blood pressure, has significant effects on the human heart over time. Here are the effects on human heart.

Increased Workload: High blood pressure forces the heart to work harder to pump blood. This increases strain, particularly on the left ventricle, which is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood into the body.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH): As the heart muscle thickens to cope with the extra workload, the walls of the left ventricle become stiff. This condition is known as left ventricular hypertrophy, which can eventually lead to heart failure because the heart becomes less efficient.

Coronary Artery Disease: Hypertension accelerates the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to a condition called atherosclerosis. This narrows the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle, which can cause chest pain (angina), heart attacks, or arrhythmias.

Heart Failure: Over time, the constant strain from hypertension can weaken the heart, making it unable to pump blood efficiently. This leads to heart failure, where fluid may accumulate in the lungs and other parts of the body, causing symptoms like shortness of breath and swelling.

Aneurysms: High blood pressure can also weaken the walls of arteries, leading to aneurysms, which are bulges in the artery that can potentially rupture and cause life-threatening internal bleeding.

Irregular Heart Rhythms: Hypertension can affect the electrical system of the heart, leading to arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. This irregular heartbeat can increase the risk of strokes or other complications.