How an A/C Dryer and Condenser Works

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Here's how the condenser and dryer work as part of the air conditioning system in your car.

The air conditioning system works to cool and remove moisture from the cabin year round. Gaseous Refrigerant circulates from the compressor, before moving on to the condenser and dryer and then out to the expansion valve in the evaporator core, before being recirculated through the system again.

The A/C dryer is responsible for removing moisture from the refrigerant, filtering dirt and providing a storage area for excess refrigerant that's built up in the low demand times of the cycle.

The A/C condenser cools the compressed gas refrigerant, turning it into a liquid. This is an exothermic reaction, and therefore the condenser must ventilate the excess heat. This is why condensers are located in the front of the vehicles, near the radiator.

In this video, a dryer and condenser from a 2001 Toyota Corolla are removed and cut apart to see what's inside and explain how it works.

The dryer works by having two filters that surround desiccant beads that absorb moisture. A condenser is similar to a radiator, having aluminum fins around narrow tubes through which the refrigerant is passed through.


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