What did the Romans Think About Race and Identity?

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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Ancient Civilizations continues with an episode on what the Romans thought about race and identity? Previously we looked if the Ancient Greeks were racist, showing what is in the primary sources (). In this video, we explore Roman attitudes toward race and identity - they were complex and shaped by centuries of interaction with diverse cultures. Beginning with Roman perceptions of race and identity, this video explores how the empire defined race in ancient Rome, focusing on the writings of influential Roman authors like Cicero and Julius Caesar, who used ethnic stereotypes to justify imperial expansion. The discussion also examines ethnicity and citizenship, showcasing how Rome’s pragmatic extension of citizenship fostered a multicultural society while simultaneously imposing discriminatory laws. Stereotypes of ethnic groups such as Gauls, Germans, and Parthians reveal the biases and contradictions within Roman thought, while the impact of religion, culture, and late Roman attitudes highlights how Christianity redefined notions of belonging in the Byzantine era. In conclusion, we reflect on the lessons from Rome—its inclusionary and exclusionary practices—as a blueprint for understanding the complexities of identity in cosmopolitan societies today.

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The video was made by Lito Areta, while the script was developed by Christos Nicolaou, the video was narrated by Officially Devin ( & )

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Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound:

Sources:

00:00 - Roman perceptions of race and identity
01:46 - Defining race in ancient Rome
03:02 - Roman authors on race and ethnicity
07:29 - Ethnicity and citizenship in the Roman Empire
10:05 - Roman stereotypes of ethnic groups
13:02 - Religion, culture, and late Roman attitudes

#documentary #AncientCiviliizatins #AncientRome