GCSE Biology - Meiosis

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*** WHAT'S COVERED ***
1. Sexual Reproduction Basics
* Gametes (sex cells): Definition and examples (sperm, egg)
* Haploid cells: Containing half the genetic material
* Diploid cells: Formed by gamete fusion, containing two sets of genetic information
2. Chromosomes Review
* Role in carrying genetic information
* Human chromosome number (23 pairs, 46 total)
* Maternal and Paternal chromosomes
3. The Process of Meiosis
* Initial DNA replication (creating X-shaped chromosomes)
* First Meiotic Division: Homologous chromosome pairing, lining up at the centre, separation, and random distribution into two cells
* Second Meiotic Division: Lining up of chromosomes in the two cells, separation of chromatids (arms), resulting in four cells
4. Outcomes of Meiosis
* Production of four genetically unique haploid gametes
* Formation of sperm (male) and egg cells (female)
5. Fertilisation and Development
* Fusion of sperm and egg to restore the diploid number
* Subsequent cell division by mitosis for growth (embryo, fetus, organism)

*** CHAPTERS ***
0:00 Introduction to Meiosis
0:16 Sexual Reproduction and Gametes (Haploid Cells)
0:39 Diploid Cells and Fertilisation
1:04 Chromosomes Recap
2:04 Step 1: DNA Replication
2:31 Step 2: Chromosomes Line Up (First Division)
3:18 Step 3: First Cell Division (Random Distribution)
3:47 Step 4: Second Cell Division
4:21 Outcome: Four Genetically Unique Gametes
4:43 Fertilisation and Development via Mitosis

*** PLAYLISTS ***






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