Magnetism: Motors and Generators - Working Principles

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Principles and applications of motors and generators, using 3d animations.



HOW GENERATOR WORKS: (00:39)
The main aim of a generator is to "Generate electrical power from an available mechanical energy source" i.e "To convert Mechanical energy to Electrical energy" In order to achieve that we need these things
- A Magnetic flux , which can be generated by those magnets (two grey colored blocks) and direction is from north (N) to south (S).
A conducting coil which can rotated in that flux.
Now, with the help of any mechanical energy either it may be the potential energy of water in a dam , or pressurised steam in a thermal plant, rotate the coil and by that we can have E.M.F generated.
Although I've said in my heading that this is a DC generator, this specific model needs another device called "Commutator (electric)" in order to give out DC voltage.

HOW DC MOTOR WORKS: (00:00)
Direct Current (DC) motors have a "Commutator" that switches the part of the coil that is closest to the poles at the time, more or less similar to the legendary "donkey" that tries to catch the carrots, but never succeeds. See the very simplified commutator shown in blue.

Usually a commutator has many "segments", as many as there are taps on the coil. Starting a DC motor requires often an external resistor or rheostat to limit the current. The value, in Ohms, of that resistor is reduced in steps as the speed of the motor increases, until finally that resistor is removed from the circuit as the motor reaches close to its final speed.

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Create: Hrvoje Čočić
Category: Education
Licence: Standard YouTube Licence