
The steam engine works by burning fuel (typically coal, wood, or oil) in a firebox to heat water in a boiler, creating steam. This pressurized steam then drives pistons connected to the train's wheels, providing the locomotive power.
Steam trains were the dominant form of rail transportation from the early 19th century until the mid-20th century, when they were largely replaced by diesel and electric locomotives.
Key components of a typical steam locomotive include:
- Boiler: Where water is heated to create steam
- Firebox: Where fuel is burned to heat the boiler
- Cylinders: Where steam pressure is converted to mechanical motion
- Driving wheels: Connected to the pistons to move the train
- Tender: A car behind the locomotive that carries fuel and water
Though mostly retired from regular service, many steam trains are preserved in museums or operate as tourist attractions today, allowing people to experience this historic form of transportation.