
A brain aneurysm forms when a weakened area in the brain artery wall bulges outward due to constant blood flow pressure. This process is driven by structural changes in the vessel wall, including inflammation, degeneration of smooth muscle cells, and breakdown of the extracellular matrix, which all weaken the artery further. Over time, the aneurysm may enlarge, increasing the risk of rupture. Once the aneurysm bursts, blood rapidly leaks into the space around the brain, causing a subarachnoid hemorrhage. The sudden bleeding increases pressure inside the skull, damages brain cells, and deprives brain tissue of oxygen-rich blood, potentially resulting in loss of consciousness, permanent brain injury, or worse. #brain #aneurysm #bloodpressure #medical