
For more than five decades, the Bongo family has established itself in the government of Gabon through patronage, offering lucrative positions to associates and extended family. Their rise to power began in December 1967, when Bongo's father, Albert-Bernard (Omar), was backed by France to take over as president following the death of the country's independence leader, Leon Mba, who died of cancer after being boosted back into power following a coup in 1964.
Throughout his stay in power, Omar won all the series of elections despite allegations of manipulation. He abolished the country's run-off system and replaced it with single-round voting as well as imposed a one-party system. Fueled by corruption and greed, Omar’s regime circulated the oil wealth of the country among the elite to ensure loyalty. He expanded the Bongo family's employment opportunities into the military, parliament, and state commerce. In fact, Marie-Madeleine Mborantsuo, the current head of the Constitutional Court, was Omar's ex-lover.
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