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🔆 LDR-Based Automatic Night Light using BC547 Transistor | Simple DIY Project

In this video, I’m showing you how to make an automatic LED night light using a BC547 NPN transistor and an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). This circuit turns on the LED automatically in the dark and switches it off during the day.

⚙️ Circuit Working:

I connected the LDR between the base and emitter of the BC547 transistor.

A 100kΩ variable resistor (potentiometer) is connected to the base of the transistor and to the positive terminal of the LED.

The negative terminal of the LED is connected through a 100Ω resistor.

The positive supply is given to both the LED and the 100kΩ potentiometer.

The negative (GND) is connected to the emitter of the BC547 transistor.


☀️ In Bright Light (Daytime):

The resistance of the LDR drops.

The base of the transistor gets connected to ground through the LDR.

This keeps the transistor turned off and the LED remains off.


🌙 In Darkness (Night):

The resistance of the LDR increases.

The base of the transistor receives a positive bias through the 100kΩ potentiometer.

The transistor turns on and allows current to flow from collector to emitter, lighting up the LED.


📌 Components Used:

BC547 NPN Transistor

LDR

100kΩ Potentiometer

100Ω Resistor

LED

3V to 9V DC Power Supply


This is a great beginner project for understanding transistor switching and LDR light detection. Perfect for automatic lighting at home!