The Armistice of 22 June 1940: the Fall of France

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The Armistice of 22 June 1940 marked the formal surrender of France to Nazi Germany during World War II. Signed in the same railway carriage where Germany had surrendered to France in 1918, the armistice was a symbolic and humiliating moment for the French.
Under the terms, France was divided into two zones: the northern and western parts, including Paris, were occupied by German forces, while the southeast, known as Vichy France, remained nominally independent under Marshal Philippe Pétain, who collaborated with the Germans.
The French military was disbanded, and France was required to pay reparations and provide economic support to Germany. The French fleet, however, was to remain under French control, a point that would later become contentious with Britain. The armistice ended France’s active participation in the war, leaving Britain to face Germany alone. Yet, French officer Charles de Gaulle made his way to Britain and continued the struggle.