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The Ultimate Guide to Movie Subtitling — including practical considerations like timing, font, and layout, along with creative applications that contribute to visual storytelling.

What are Subtitles? ►►
StudioBinder Blog ►►

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Special thanks to:
Subtle Subtitle Association ►►

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Chapters:
00:00 - Introduction to Subtitling
00:42 - History of Subtitles
02:17 - Chapter 1: Types of Subtitling
04:49 - Chapter 2: Rules of Subtitling
11:30 - Chapter 3: Creative Examples
14:09 - Takeaways

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THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO SUBTITLES IN FILM

These days, subtitles are becoming more and more a part of how we watch film, TV, and videos online. But despite their current popularity, subtitles have been a part of the motion picture medium from the beginning. In this video, we will explore the world of subtitles, including their history, the principles behind their effective use, and some creative ways they can contribute to visual storytelling.

WHAT ARE SUBTITLES (AND WHERE DID THEY COME FROM)

In general, subtitles are any text that translates or transcribes dialogue, narration, or on-screen text. There are two distinct types of subtitles — intralingual and interlingual. Intralingual subtitles are transcriptions that are in the same language as the dialogue. Interlingual subtitles are translations from one language to another. There is also closed captioning which allows for the deaf and hard of hearing to get a sense of the soundtrack as well.

But this practice of adding text to an image actually pre-dates cinema. The slides used with magic lanterns could also include narration or dialogue cues for the presenter or audience to follow along with the story.

RULES FOR SUBTITLING — FORMAT & STYLES

Over time, the formatting and styling of subtitles has more or less become standardized. Some of these “rules” are basic common sense, like aligning the text during the actual dialogue and making sure the text appears long enough to be read. The rule of thumb here is no more than 17 characters of text per second of footage. It is also typical for there to be no more than 2 lines of text at a time and 50 characters per line.

But then there are the not-so-obvious rules that allow for an easier audience experience. Keeping syntactic units together, for example, like names, or making sure the start and stop points of the subtitles don’t interfere with the visuals and/or editing. And another rule of thumb is make sure subtitles are added only to what is necessary — if a line is repeated five times in a row, for example, you might only need to subtitle the first two or three lines.

CREATIVE USES OF MOVIE SUBTITLING

Beyond the technicals, there are also creative applications to consider. Comedy can spring from subtitles like in Austin Powers or Wayne’s World. Different languages in the same film can be color-coded to help the audience understand the nuances. And in films like John Wick, different fonts and layouts can give the subtitles flare and emphasis that actually build on the visual storytelling.

The art and science of subtitling is something we take for granted. Sometimes it’s easy to differentiate good subtitles vs bad subtitles but this is an area which all filmmakers should be thoughtful and considerate of their effect on the story and the audience.


#FilmTheory #VideoEssay #Filmmaking

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♬ SONGS USED:

"Suit and Tie" - Justin Timberlake
"Peter and the Wolf" - Luxemburg Radio Symphony
"Dirty Hands" - Al Jolson
"Jake Enters His Avatar World" - James Horner
"20-30" - Red Licorice
"It Started With Silence" - Young Collective
"Journalistic Instinct" - Kyle Dixon and Michael Stein
"Love Me Some Walking" - Neil Godrich
"He’s A Pirate" - Hans Zimmer
"Prologue: One Ring To Rule Them All" - Howard Shore
"The Bomb Run" - Laurie Johnson
"Mr. Moustafa" - Alexandre Desplat
"The Verdict" - Ennio Morricone
"Starless" - King Crimson
"The Bleeding Stone" - Mark Isham
"Very Busy" - Son Lux
"I Found You In The Woods" - Jason Montague
"1917 Title Son" - Thomas Newman
"Conciliation II" - Jung Jae Il
"The Family Is Busy" - Jung Jae Il
"Chickenscratch Sound" - Mike Patton
"Deciphering The Signal" - Steve Jablonsky
"Vvvery Busy" - Son Lux
"Stained Diapers" - George S. Clinton
"Kapitän" - Ben Fronts
"Taxi" - Harry Greggson-Williams
"River Runs Dry" - Joe Hertler and The Rainbow Seekers

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