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Why do glaciers collapse?

Glaciers collapse due to several interconnected natural processes:

1. Temperature Changes
- Rising temperatures cause ice to melt and weaken
- Thermal expansion creates cracks and instability
- Meltwater seeps into crevasses, further destabilizing the structure

2. Internal Pressure
- Weight of the ice creates immense pressure
- Movement of the glacier causes stress points
- Internal cavities can form and expand

3. Water Interaction
- Meltwater pools underneath glaciers
- Ocean water undermines coastal glaciers
- Water pressure builds up inside glacial structures

4. Natural Glacier Movement
- Glaciers naturally flow downhill
- Sections move at different speeds
- Friction and movement create weak points

5. Climate Change Effects
- Accelerated melting due to warming temperatures
- More frequent rain instead of snow
- Changes in seasonal patterns affect stability

6. Structural Weaknesses
- Crevasses form from movement and stress
- Ice becomes brittle in certain conditions
- Supporting rock formations can erode

When glaciers collapse, it can lead to:
- Calving (chunks breaking off into water)
- Avalanches
- Flash floods
- Formation of glacial lakes
- Changes in local ecosystems

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