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What is the U.S. border wall?

The U.S. border wall is a series of physical barriers along the United States-Mexico border designed to prevent illegal border crossings. Here are the key aspects:

Physical Characteristics:
- Consists of various types of fencing and walls, ranging from steel bollard fencing to concrete barriers
- Varies in height, typically 18-30 feet tall
- Includes technology like cameras, sensors, and lighting
- Spans portions of the 1,954-mile (3,145 km) border between the U.S. and Mexico

Historical Development:
- Various barrier construction projects date back to 1990s
- Significant expansion under the 2006 Secure Fence Act
- Major focus during Trump administration (2017-2021) with promises of expanded wall construction
- Biden administration halted new construction in 2021

Funding and Costs:
- Funded through various federal appropriations over multiple administrations
- Construction costs vary significantly by location and type of barrier
- Maintenance and repair costs are ongoing
- Total spending has been in the billions of dollars

Controversial Aspects:
- Effectiveness at deterring illegal crossings is debated
- Environmental concerns about wildlife migration and habitat disruption
- Impact on local communities and private property
- International relations with Mexico
- Economic costs versus benefits
- Humanitarian concerns

Current Status:
- Mixture of different barrier types along various sections of border
- Some sections remain under repair or maintenance
- Ongoing debate about future construction and maintenance
- Continues to be a significant topic in U.S. immigration policy discussions

The wall remains a complex policy issue involving immigration, security, environmental, and economic considerations.

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