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Here’s a look inside the Toyota A313 continously variable transmission and how it works.

The A300 series of CVT’s have been around for over two decades and have generally proven to be reliable. With the onslaught of CVT negativity in the market generally driven by Jatco/Nissan’s utmost failed attempted at bringing them to mainstream passenger vehicles, Toyota’s take seems to be more robust in design and execution. There are however still failure points that can occur, as these still aren’t as reliable as Toyota’s trusty automatic transmissions.

Namely, the forward reverse clutch, which must divert all of the engine torque to the variators. It must either resist motion or transmit its power to change the vehicle’s direction. If abused, fluid hasn’t been changed, or incorrect fluid pressure is applied, these clutches are the main wear point in the transmission and can ultimately fail, as in the case with the CVT in this video. This transmission was out of a 2017 Toyota Corolla with 170,000km on it. Upon failure, the clutch material will wear and litter the transmissions innards with fragments, clogging valve body passages and variator pistons.

CVT’s are hydraulic machines that heavily rely on fluid quality and pressure to operate. Make sure you change your fluid on time and don’t overstress them, since they are still inferior to traditional automatics and manuals when it comes to robustness and longevity.

Skip to section in the video:
0:00 Introduction
0:57 Teardown
3:21 Planetary gears and clutches
8:06 Variators
14:35 Valve Body
17:19 How a CVT Works
19:19 Conclusion

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